Microwaving a Biological Cell Alive –Broadband Label-free Noninvasive Electrical Characterization of a Live Cell Slides

Power sources of "near-perpetual" RF modules, including flexible miniaturized batteries as well as energy harvesting approaches involving thermal, EM, vibration and solar energy forms. mmW wearable (e.g. biomonitoring) antennas and RF modules, as well as the first examples of the integration of inkjet-printed nanotechnology-based (e.g. CNT) sensors on paper and organic substrates for Internet of Things (IoT), 5G and autonomous vehicles applications. Newly developed 3D ramp interconnects and on-chip/on-package printed RF components for further miniaturization and enhanced reliability. It has to be noted that the paper will review and present challenges for inkjet- and 3D- printed organic active and nonlinear devices and printable transparent RF electronics as well as future directions in the area of environmentally-friendly ("green") RF electronics and "smart-skin' conformal sensors.