Power System Advancements Now Require Electromagnetic Transients Programs (Slides)

With the commercial operation of high voltage DC transmission (HVDC) systems starting up in the late 1960�s, studying their impact in the power systems they were imbedded in was a major challenge. The digital load flow and transients� stability programs were only being developed when computers were powerful enough to run them. This being in the late 1960�s and early 1970�s. During this same period, HVDC had to be properly assessed on component based transient network analyzers (TNA). This was a laborious process setting up an HVDC system on a TNA and where a duplicate set of actual controls and protections in actual hardware were essential.