Multi-Rate Mixed-Solver for Real-Time Nonlinear Electromagnetic Transient Emulation of AC/DC Networks on FPGA-MPSoC Architecture

Nonlinear phenomena widely exist in AC/DC power systems, which should be accounted for accurately in real-time electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation for obtaining precise results for hardware-in-the-loop applications. However, iterative solutions such as the Newton-Raphson method that can precisely obtain the results for highly nonlinear elements, are time consuming and computationally onerous. To fully utilize the time space and optimize hardware computation resources without loss of accuracy, this work proposes a novel multi-rate mixed-solver for AC/DC systems, wherein both iterative and non-iterative solvers with different time-steps are applied to the decomposed subsystems, and the linear solvers are reused within each time-step. The proposed solver and the complete real-time emulation system are implemented on FPGAMPSoC platform. The real-time results are captured by the oscilloscope and verified with PSCAD/EMTDC and SaberRD for system-level and device-level performance evaluation.